Durham Cathedral, Northumberland England

Best Preserved Norman Architectural Masterpiece Found in Europe

Oct 22, 2007

Dominating the skyline of the city of Durham in the northeast of Britain, this historic church is considered a masterpiece of Norman and Romanesque architecture.

History of Durham Cathedral

The first cathedral was founded in 995 AD by Benedictine monks who fled the island of Lindisfarne when it was invaded by the Vikings. They brought with them the relics of St. Cuthbert and Venerable Bede in order to create a shrine. Their building was torn down by orders of the Bishop of Durham and construction of the new Durham Cathedral began in 1093. It took 40 years to complete. Over the next four centuries, additional chapels and the distinctive towers were added.

Dissolution of Monasteries

In 1540, when the Crown ordered the dissolution of monasteries, Durham cathedral was re-founded by the last Prior of the monastery. This was a turbulent period due to over zealous reformers and many of the artifacts were destroyed. In the mid 1600s, restoration of the church began. In the late 19th century, more buildings were added and this was the beginning of the inclusion of the beautiful stained glass windows we see today.

The Chapels at Durham Cathedral

The Galilee Chapel at the west end of the cathedral is also known as the Lady Chapel. It holds the remains of Venerable Bede. Built in the 12th century, it reflects Norman architectural style.

At the opposite end is the Chapel of the Nine Altars which was built a century later in Gothic style. It houses the tomb of St Cuthbert which is evidenced by a monument of marble and gold. Many historical artifacts associated with St Cuthbert can be found in The Treasures of St Cuthbert area.

In addition to the large chapels, there are many small chapels used for regular church services, weddings or an opportunity for visitors to pause for quiet reflection.

Architectural Features of Durham Cathedral

Durham Cathedral is noted for its ribbed roof and pointed arches that are supported by a system of piers, drum columns and flying buttresses. This new type of construction allowed taller buildings and larger windows. This Romanesque architectural style is considered to be a forerunner of Gothic architecture.

Durham Cathedral Visitor Information

Although there is not an entrance fee collected, Visitors can make a donation of £4 in order to help with ongoing maintenance of the building. In addition to touring the cathedral, visitors can climb up the 217 foot tower to enjoy a spectacular view of Durham and surrounding area.

Durham Castle is at the same location, just on the other side of “The Green” which is all part of Durham University.

Opening hours

Consultation of material in the Chapter Library Historic Collections by prior appointment only

Closed, except for the first Saturday morning (9.30am - 1.00pm) in the months of February, March, May, June, October, November, December.

Closed on Public Holidays, additional days at Easter and Christmas and the first two full weeks of July

Durham is accessible by train and is just under a 3 hour trip from London and a 2 hour trip from Edinburgh. If traveling by car, it is highly recommended to park in the carparks located in the perimeter of the city. There is a fee for taking your car into the city and the streets are crowded. There is shuttle service from the city square to the cathedral and adjacent grounds for Durham Castle and University.

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The copyright of the article Durham Cathedral, Northumberland England in Castles/Forts/Cathedrals Tours is owned by Maureen K. Fleury. Permission to republish Durham Cathedral, Northumberland England in print or online must be granted by the author in writing.